Introduction to Turbines 1.1 Definition of a Turbine A turbine is a rotary mechanical device that extracts energy from a fluid flow and converts it into useful work. The energy in the fluid (which can be air, steam, water, or gas) causes the turbine’s blades or vanes to spin, creating rotational energy. This rotational energy is then used to drive machinery, generate electricity, or perform other tasks. 1.2 Historical Background and Evolution of Turbines The concept of using flowing fluids to perform work dates back to ancient times. Early water wheels and windmills are primitive forms of turbines. These devices…